How North Carolina Businesses Are Using Artificial Intelligence

Recent data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Business Trends and Outlook Survey (BTOS) AI Supplement show that AI adoption among NC businesses remains modest but closely tracks the national average. This data story examines how businesses are using AI, its effect on employment, and the barriers slowing broader adoption.

At a Glance
18.9% of NC businesses currently use AI
22.4% plan to use AI within six months
  • NC adoption closely tracks the national average
  • Knowledge-intensive industries have the highest adoption rates
  • Larger firms are more likely to use AI
  • About 97% of AI-using businesses report no change in employment
Overall Adoption

1 in 5 NC Businesses Use AI, but Employee AI Use is Slightly Higher

Only 18.9% of North Carolina businesses report using AI, meaning most have not yet adopted it. Looking ahead, planned adoption rises modestly to 22.4% over the next six months, though more than half still say they do not plan to use AI.

Current AI Use
18.9%
70.7%
10.4%
Yes
No
Don’t know
Respondent base: all businesses
Survey question: “In the last two weeks, did this business use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in any of its business functions?”
Planned AI Use
22.4%
56.4%
21.2%
Yes
No
Don’t know
Respondent base: all businesses
Survey question: “During the next six months, do you think this business will be using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in any of its business functions?”

Employee AI use may be slightly ahead of formal business adoption in North Carolina. While 18.9% of businesses have intentionally implemented AI in their operations, 23.2% report that employees are using tools such as ChatGPT or Copilot for work tasks, not necessarily as part of a company-wide initiative.

23.2% of NC businesses report employees use AI for work
U.S.: 22.6%
Respondent base: all businesses
Survey question: “In the last six months, did this business’s employees use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to assist in any work-related tasks that support business functions?”
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Industry Sectors

AI Adoption Is Highest in Knowledge-Intensive Industries

AI adoption varies significantly across industries. Knowledge-intensive sectors — information, professional services, education, and finance — lead by a wide margin. Industries involving physical work, such as agriculture, transportation, and construction, lag behind. Manufacturing, a key sector in North Carolina’s economy, falls in the lower half.

AI Adoption Rate by Industry Sector (National)
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: all businesses
Survey question: “In the last two weeks, did this business use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in any of its business functions?”
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Firm Size

Larger Firms Are More Likely to Use AI

Larger businesses are more likely to use AI, but the gap is not as dramatic as the industry differences. Even among the smallest firms, close to 1 in 5 report using AI.

AI Adoption Rate by Number of Employees (National)
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: all businesses
Survey question: “In the last two weeks, did this business use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in any of its business functions?”
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Business Functions

Sales, Marketing, and Strategy Are the Top Business Functions For AI Use

AI use is concentrated in customer-facing and strategic functions, like sales, marketing, strategy, and R&D. Operational functions such as production, distribution, and supply chain management have seen lower adoption.

AI Use by Business Function
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: all businesses
Survey question: “In the last six months, did this business use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in any of the following business functions?”
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Generative AI

Writing and Editing Are the Most Common GenAI Tasks

About 1 in 5 NC businesses report employees using generative AI tools like ChatGPT, Gemini, or Copilot. The vast majority use it for writing and editing. Searching for information and summarizing documents are also common. More technical uses, like coding, remain relatively rare overall. However, coding and debugging is more prevalent in the Information (34%) and Professional and Technical Services (24%) sectors.

GenAI Tasks Performed by Employees
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: businesses that reported using Generative AI
Survey question: “In the last six months, what work-related tasks did this business’s employees use Generative AI to assist with?”
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Work Tasks

AI Is Used to Supplement Employee Work Far More Often Than Replace It

Among businesses that use AI, most are using it to enhance what employees already do, not to replace them. The share using AI to supplement work is roughly four times the share using it to replace tasks.

AI Application to Employee Tasks
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Multiple responses allowed. Note: 50.1% of NC businesses (51.5% nationally) selected "none of the above." Respondent base: businesses that reported using AI
Survey question: “In the last six months, did this business use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to do any of the following?”

When AI does displace something, it is more likely to replace existing software or equipment than employee tasks.

10.0%
replaced an employee task
U.S.: 10.1%
vs.
16.8%
replaced existing software or equipment
U.S.: 16.1%

Of the businesses where AI has replaced employee tasks, most report a small number of tasks affected. NC businesses in this group were slightly more likely to replace a larger number of tasks than the national average.

Scale of Task Replacement
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: businesses that replaced employee tasks with AI
Survey question: “In the last six months, how many tasks previously done by employees were instead performed by Artificial Intelligence (AI)?”
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Employment Impact

AI Has Had Little Effect on Employment or Business Operations

For the vast majority of businesses using AI, it has not changed how many people they employ.

Effect of AI on Total Employment
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: businesses that reported using AI
Survey question: “In the last six months, how did the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) affect this business’s total employment?”

Most AI-using businesses have not made operational changes to support it. Among the few that have, developing new workflows and training current staff are the most typical investments.

Operational Changes to Support AI
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: businesses that reported using AI
Survey question: “In the last six months, to use Artificial Intelligence (AI), what changes did this business make?”
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Barriers to Adoption

Most Businesses Not Planning to Adopt AI Say It Is Not Relevant to Their Business

The most frequently cited reason for not planning to adopt AI is that it is "not applicable" to their business. A lack of knowledge about what AI can do is the second most significant barrier. Together, these suggest that awareness and perceived relevance are larger obstacles than affordability or technical readiness.

Barriers to AI Adoption
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). Respondent base: businesses not planning to adopt AI
Survey question: “Why does this business not plan to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) during the next six months?”
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National Comparison

NC Closely Tracks the National Average Across All Key Indicators

Across all the measures in this survey, North Carolina closely tracks the national average. The differences are small and within the margin of error.

NC vs. U.S.: Key AI Adoption Indicators
Indicator NC U.S. Diff. (pp)
Used AI in any business function (last 2 weeks) 18.9% 17.9% +1.0
Employees used GenAI for work tasks (last 6 mo.) 21.5% 20.8% +0.7
Employees used any AI for work tasks (last 6 mo.) 23.2% 22.6% +0.6
Plan to use AI in next 6 months 22.4% 21.6% +0.8
Do not plan to use AI in next 6 months 56.4% 56.2% +0.2
Unsure about future AI use 21.2% 22.2% −1.0
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026). pp = percentage points. Note: "AI" refers to any use of artificial intelligence in business functions. "GenAI" refers specifically to generative AI tools such as ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, or Claude.
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State Comparison

NC Ranks Third in the Southeast and Keeps Pace with Major State Economies

AI adoption is broadly similar across Southeastern states. The range from lowest to highest is only a few percentage points, with North Carolina falling near the middle of the range.

AI Adoption and Planned Use Among Southeastern States
Current AI adoption and planned use in next six months
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026).

Among the largest U.S. state economies, North Carolina is keeping pace with Texas and California while outpacing New York.

AI Adoption and Planned Use Among Major State Economies
Current AI adoption and planned use in next six months
NC Department of Commerce, Labor and Economic Analysis Division (LEAD) Source: U.S. Census Bureau, BTOS AI Supplement (collected Nov. 2025 – Feb. 2026).
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About the data
The Business Trends and Outlook Survey (BTOS) is a U.S. Census Bureau survey tracking employer-reported business conditions. Data reflect firm-level responses and are available nationally, by state, and for selected metro areas. State estimates carry larger margins of error than national figures; small differences should be interpreted with caution.